{"id":5356,"date":"2026-07-28T08:53:43","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T08:53:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zhuohengextruder.com\/?page_id=5356"},"modified":"2026-07-28T09:11:31","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T09:11:31","slug":"extrusion-expansion-ratio-calculator","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zhuohengextruder.com\/ar\/extrusion-expansion-ratio-calculator\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n Extrusion Expansion Ratio Calculator<\/title>\r\n <style>\r\n \/* Reset & Container Setup *\/\r\n .zhuoheng-calc-wrapper * {\r\n box-sizing: border-box;\r\n font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .zhuoheng-calc-wrapper {\r\n max-width: 800px;\r\n margin: 20px auto;\r\n border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n background-color: #ffffff;\r\n box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* 1. Header Area: Blue Background, White Text *\/\r\n .calc-header {\r\n background-color: #0b5ed7;\r\n color: #ffffff;\r\n padding: 32px 24px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .calc-header h1 {\r\n margin: 0 0 10px 0;\r\n font-size: 26px;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #ffffff;\r\n line-height: 1.3;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .calc-header p {\r\n margin: 0;\r\n font-size: 14px;\r\n color: #e0eafc;\r\n line-height: 1.5;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* 2. Form Body *\/\r\n .calc-body {\r\n padding: 28px 24px;\r\n background-color: #f8fafc;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .calc-grid {\r\n display: grid;\r\n grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));\r\n gap: 20px;\r\n margin-bottom: 24px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-group {\r\n display: flex;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-group label {\r\n font-size: 13px;\r\n font-weight: 600;\r\n color: #1e293b;\r\n margin-bottom: 6px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-control-wrap {\r\n display: flex;\r\n border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n background: #ffffff;\r\n transition: border-color 0.2s ease;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-control-wrap:focus-within {\r\n border-color: #0b5ed7;\r\n box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(11, 94, 215, 0.15);\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-control-wrap input {\r\n flex: 1;\r\n border: none;\r\n padding: 10px 12px;\r\n font-size: 15px;\r\n outline: none;\r\n color: #0f172a;\r\n width: 100%;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-control-wrap select {\r\n border: none;\r\n border-left: 1px solid #e2e8f0;\r\n background-color: #f1f5f9;\r\n padding: 0 10px;\r\n font-size: 13px;\r\n color: #475569;\r\n outline: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* Buttons Style *\/\r\n .calc-btn-group {\r\n display: flex;\r\n gap: 12px;\r\n margin-top: 8px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* Blue Buttons, White Text *\/\r\n .btn-blue {\r\n flex: 1;\r\n background-color: #0b5ed7;\r\n color: #ffffff;\r\n border: none;\r\n padding: 12px 20px;\r\n font-size: 15px;\r\n font-weight: 600;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n transition: background-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.1s ease;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-blue:hover {\r\n background-color: #0a58ca;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-blue:active {\r\n transform: scale(0.99);\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-outline-blue {\r\n background-color: #ffffff;\r\n color: #0b5ed7;\r\n border: 1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n padding: 12px 20px;\r\n font-size: 15px;\r\n font-weight: 600;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-outline-blue:hover {\r\n background-color: #eff6ff;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* Results Section *\/\r\n .calc-results-zone {\r\n margin-top: 28px;\r\n padding-top: 24px;\r\n border-top: 2px dashed #e2e8f0;\r\n display: none; \/* Dynamic Display *\/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .results-grid {\r\n display: grid;\r\n grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));\r\n gap: 16px;\r\n margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .result-card {\r\n background: #ffffff;\r\n border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n padding: 16px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .result-card .res-title {\r\n font-size: 12px;\r\n font-weight: 600;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n letter-spacing: 0.5px;\r\n color: #475569;\r\n margin-bottom: 6px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .result-card .res-value {\r\n font-size: 24px;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #0b5ed7;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .result-card .res-unit {\r\n font-size: 12px;\r\n color: #64748b;\r\n margin-top: 2px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* CTA Section: Yellow Background, Purple Text *\/\r\n .cta-wrapper {\r\n margin-top: 24px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-cta-yellow {\r\n display: inline-block;\r\n width: 100%;\r\n background-color: #ffc107;\r\n color: #4a154b; \/* Deep Purple *\/\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n font-size: 16px;\r\n padding: 14px 24px;\r\n text-decoration: none;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n border: none;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.3);\r\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\r\n box-sizing: border-box;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .btn-cta-yellow:hover {\r\n background-color: #ffca2c;\r\n color: #300d32;\r\n transform: translateY(-1px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.4);\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* Disclaimer Styling *\/\r\n .disclaimer-text {\r\n font-size: 12px;\r\n color: #64748b;\r\n line-height: 1.5;\r\n margin-top: 16px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n padding: 0 10px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n @media (max-width: 600px) {\r\n .calc-btn-group {\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n }\r\n .calc-header h1 {\r\n font-size: 22px;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"zhuoheng-calc-wrapper\">\r\n <!-- 1. Header Zone -->\r\n <div class=\"calc-header\">\r\n <h1>\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642<\/h1>\r\n <p>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <!-- 2. Main Tool Body -->\r\n <div class=\"calc-body\">\r\n <form id=\"expansionForm\" action=\"\">\r\n <div class=\"calc-grid\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"input-group\">\r\n <label for=\"dieDiameter\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629<\/label>\r\n <div class=\"input-control-wrap\">\r\n <input type=\"number\" id=\"dieDiameter\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 3.0\" value=\"3.0\" required>\r\n <select id=\"dieUnit\">\r\n <option value=\"mm\" selected>\u0645\u0645<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"in\">\u0641\u064a<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"input-group\">\r\n <label for=\"productDiameter\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642<\/label>\r\n <div class=\"input-control-wrap\">\r\n <input type=\"number\" id=\"productDiameter\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 12.0\" value=\"12.0\" required>\r\n <select id=\"productUnit\">\r\n <option value=\"mm\" selected>\u0645\u0645<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"in\">\u0641\u064a<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"input-group\">\r\n <label for=\"meltDensity\">\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/label>\r\n <div class=\"input-control-wrap\">\r\n <input type=\"number\" id=\"meltDensity\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 450\" value=\"450\" required>\r\n <select id=\"meltDensityUnit\">\r\n <option value=\"g_l\" selected>\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"lb_ft3\">\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"input-group\">\r\n <label for=\"productDensity\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/label>\r\n <div class=\"input-control-wrap\">\r\n <input type=\"number\" id=\"productDensity\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 60\" value=\"60\" required>\r\n <select id=\"productDensityUnit\">\r\n <option value=\"g_l\" selected>\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"lb_ft3\">\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <!-- Action Buttons -->\r\n <div class=\"calc-btn-group\">\r\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"btn-blue\" onclick=\"calculateExpansion()\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/button>\r\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"btn-outline-blue\" onclick=\"resetCalculator()\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"ar\"\/><\/form>\r\n\r\n <!-- 4. Results Zone -->\r\n <div class=\"calc-results-zone\" id=\"resultsZone\">\r\n <div class=\"results-grid\">\r\n <div class=\"result-card\">\r\n <div class=\"res-title\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-value\" id=\"diameterRatioVal\">0.00<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-unit\">(\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u00f7 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628)<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"result-card\">\r\n <div class=\"res-title\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-value\" id=\"volumetricRatioVal\">0.00<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-unit\">(\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u00f7 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629)<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"result-card\">\r\n <div class=\"res-title\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-value\" id=\"densityReductionVal\">0.0%<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"res-unit\">(\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629)<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <!-- CTA Button -->\r\n <div class=\"cta-wrapper\">\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/zhuohengextruder.com\/ar\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"btn-cta-yellow\">\r\n \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\r\n <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <!-- 3. Disclaimer -->\r\n <div class=\"disclaimer-text\">\r\n \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a.\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n function calculateExpansion() {\r\n \/\/ Inputs & Units\r\n let die = parseFloat(document.getElementById('dieDiameter').value);\r\n const dieUnit = document.getElementById('dieUnit').value;\r\n \r\n let prod = parseFloat(document.getElementById('productDiameter').value);\r\n const prodUnit = document.getElementById('productUnit').value;\r\n\r\n let meltD = parseFloat(document.getElementById('meltDensity').value);\r\n const meltDUnit = document.getElementById('meltDensityUnit').value;\r\n\r\n let prodD = parseFloat(document.getElementById('productDensity').value);\r\n const prodDUnit = document.getElementById('productDensityUnit').value;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Basic numerical validation\r\n if (isNaN(die) || isNaN(prod) || isNaN(meltD) || isNaN(prodD) || die <= 0 || prod <= 0 || meltD <= 0 || prodD <= 0) {\r\n alert(\"Please enter valid positive numbers for all parameters.\");\r\n return;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ Standardize Dimensions to mm\r\n if (dieUnit === 'in') die = die * 25.4;\r\n if (prodUnit === 'in') prod = prod * 25.4;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Standardize Densities to g\/L\r\n if (meltDUnit === 'lb_ft3') meltD = meltD * 16.0185;\r\n if (prodDUnit === 'lb_ft3') prodD = prodD * 16.0185;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Engineering Logic Validation\r\n if (prodD >= meltD) {\r\n alert(\"Final product density should normally be lower than unexpanded density for expanded extrudates.\");\r\n return;\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ Calculations\r\n \/\/ 1. Diameter Expansion Ratio = Product Diameter \/ Die Diameter\r\n const diameterExpansionRatio = prod \/ die;\r\n\r\n \/\/ 2. Volumetric Expansion Ratio = Unexpanded Density \/ Final Product Density\r\n const volumetricRatio = meltD \/ prodD;\r\n\r\n \/\/ 3. Density Reduction Percentage\r\n const densityReduction = ((meltD - prodD) \/ meltD) * 100;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Display Results\r\n document.getElementById('diameterRatioVal').innerText = diameterExpansionRatio.toFixed(2) + 'x';\r\n document.getElementById('volumetricRatioVal').innerText = volumetricRatio.toFixed(2) + 'x';\r\n document.getElementById('densityReductionVal').innerText = (densityReduction > 0 ? densityReduction.toFixed(1) : '0.0') + '%';\r\n\r\n document.getElementById('resultsZone').style.display = 'block';\r\n }\r\n\r\n function resetCalculator() {\r\n document.getElementById('expansionForm').reset();\r\n document.getElementById('resultsZone').style.display = 'none';\r\n }\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a58f11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"2a58f11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Featured Puffed Snack Food Equipment Banner -->\r\n<div class=\"zh-product-card\">\r\n <div class=\"zh-product-info\">\r\n <span class=\"zh-product-badge\">\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span>\r\n <h3 class=\"zh-product-title\">\u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062e\u0629<\/h3>\r\n <p class=\"zh-product-desc\">\r\n \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00abZhuoheng\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 100 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1,500 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.\r\n <\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/zhuohengextruder.com\/ar\/Extruder-Machine\/puffed-food-machine\/\" class=\"zh-product-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u2192\r\n <\/a>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-095faef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"095faef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-path-to-node=\"6\">\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"7\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 (TVP)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"8\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u00ab\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><h2 data-path-to-node=\"10\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u061f<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"11\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"12\">\u0625\u0646 <b data-path-to-node=\"12\" data-index-in-node=\"4\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/b> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629:<\/p><ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"13\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 (<span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"E_d\" data-index-in-node=\"26\">\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a<\/span>):<\/b> \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a (<span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"E_v\" data-index-in-node=\"28\">\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629<\/span>):<\/b> \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0641\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0641\u062e.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-path-to-node=\"15\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u061f<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"16\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636):<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"17\">1. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/h3><div data-path-to-node=\"18\"><div class=\"math-block\" data-math=\"\\text{Diameter Expansion Ratio } (E_d) = \\frac{D_{\\text{extrudate}}}{D_{\\text{die}}}\">$$\\text{\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 } (E_d) = \\frac{D_{\\text{\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629}}}{D_{\\text{\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628}}}$$<\/div><\/div><ul data-path-to-node=\"19\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"D_{\\text{extrudate}}\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$D_{\\text{\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642}}$<\/span>:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"D_{\\text{die}}\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$D_{\\text{\u0627\u0644}}$<\/span>:<\/b> \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629).<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-path-to-node=\"20\"><i data-path-to-node=\"20\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/i> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0648 <b data-path-to-node=\"20\" data-index-in-node=\"37\">3.0 \u0645\u0644\u0645<\/b> \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a <b data-path-to-node=\"20\" data-index-in-node=\"75\">12.0 \u0645\u0644\u0645<\/b>, \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u064a <b data-path-to-node=\"20\" data-index-in-node=\"116\">4.00x<\/b>.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"21\">2. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a<\/h3><div data-path-to-node=\"22\"><div class=\"math-block\" data-math=\"\\text{Volumetric Expansion Ratio } (E_v) = \\frac{\\rho_{\\text{unexpanded}}}{\\rho_{\\text{final}}}\">$$\\text{\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a } (E_v) = \\frac{\\rho_{\\text{\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u0629}}}{\\rho_{\\text{\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629}}}$$<\/div><\/div><ul data-path-to-node=\"23\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"23,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"23,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"\\rho_{\\text{unexpanded}}\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$\\rho_{\\text{\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629}}$<\/span>:<\/b> \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0637\u0644\/\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"23,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"23,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"\\rho_{\\text{final}}\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">1TP\\}{i14Tn}ot{th\\xla_TfreP4T<\/span>:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 (\u062c\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0637\u0644\/\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628).<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-path-to-node=\"24\"><i data-path-to-node=\"24\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/i> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u064a <b data-path-to-node=\"24\" data-index-in-node=\"48\">450 \u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/b> \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 <b data-path-to-node=\"24\" data-index-in-node=\"100\">60 \u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/b>, \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0647\u064a <b data-path-to-node=\"24\" data-index-in-node=\"142\">7.50\u00d7<\/b>.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"25\">3. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h3><div data-path-to-node=\"26\"><div class=\"math-block\" data-math=\"\\text{Density Reduction } (\\%) = \\left( 1 - \\frac{\\rho_{\\text{final}}}{\\rho_{\\text{unexpanded}}} \\right) \\times 100\">$$\\text{\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 } (\\%) = \\left( 1 \u2013 \\frac{\\rho_{\\text{\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629}}}{\\rho_{\\text{\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629}}} \\right) \\times 100$$<\/div><\/div><p data-path-to-node=\"27\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f.<\/p><h2 data-path-to-node=\"29\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"30\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629:<\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"31\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"31,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"31,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0637:<\/b> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"31,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"31,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628:<\/b> \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"31,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"31,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629:<\/b> \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642. \u0641\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"31,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"31,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SME):<\/b> \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0645\u0634.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-path-to-node=\"33\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"34\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"35\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"35,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"35,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0623\u063a\u0630\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0623 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0629\u0627\u0643:<\/b> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642 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\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0645\u0634\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"35,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"35,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 (TVP):<\/b> \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-path-to-node=\"37\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQ)<\/h2><h3 data-path-to-node=\"38\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u061f<\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"39\">\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 (\u0645\u0646 3 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"40\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u061f<\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"41\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"42\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 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